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The terminal velocity of a spherical particle moving under Is greater or less than the local liquid density, respectively. Of gravity forces, sinking or floating if the particle density These grains may move in the liquid as a result W H E N a metal solidifies solid grains form and grow in It is suggested that this resultsįrom clumping of the grains and bridging of the clumps as they settle in the melt. InĪddition, regions clear of grains were observed in the settling region. InĮxperiments in which grains of tin in partially solidified pure tin were allowed to settle under controlledĬonditions, it was found that many grains appeared to be separated from neighboring grains.
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Was found to have a very large effect on the movement of the copper under buoyancy forces. Very small density variations in the copper due to micro-porosity and other imperfections Is attributed to surface tension forces at the points of contact of the copper, melt, crucible wall, and Contact with the crucible walls or meniscus prevented the copperĬube from moving under buoyancy forces resulting from density differences as high 12 Kg/m 3. Melt density of 8828 Kg/m 3 at 250 ~ was obtained which corresponds to a copper density ofĨ930 Kg/m 3 at 20 ~ The copper cube was found to change from a floating to sinking position withĬhanges in melt density of 1 Kg/m 3. The buoyancy of a single crystal copper cube in a lead tin melt was examined. The Movement of Particles in Liquid Metals Due to Gravity